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Part I: Granite & Stone Kitchen Countertops

Natural Stone

Granite, marble, limestone and soapstone are the most common choices in this category. 

Granite is an igneous rock (formed by cooling volcanic flows) that is extremely dense.  It is usually polished although some countertop fabricators are offering interesting patterns (like “leather”) that has more of a matte textured finish.  Granite is very resistant to scrathes and staining.  Pricing of granite has most to do with availablility and commonly available granites are one of the most economical types of countertop materials, though they can also range into one of the most expensive.

 

Granite Slab

Here is a granite slab courtesty of Frank's Marble & Granite, LLC

 
 
 This slab illustrates well the variations in color and pattern you can see in one slab of granite.  Other granites have much tighter and more uniform patterns.  Colors range from flecked white tones through black, and everything in between.
 

 

 

 

 

Marble is a metamorphic rock that has chemically recrystalized from it’s original state of limestone.  It is typically polished although marble looks quite beautiful when it is just “honed” to more of a matte finish.  It is softer and more porous than granite, so greater care needs to be taken to prevent stains and scratches.

black-marble-540
Here is a picture of black marble, a good example of the veigning that is typical in marble.

 

 

 
 
Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of calcite from the shells of marine organisms.  Because of this limestone often contains tiny fossils which can look very cool!  Limestone is often just honed rather than polished, and with it’s earthy tones it is very warm and inviting for a stone surface.  Although very durable, limestone tops will be the most susceptible to etching from acids.  One advantage of a non-polished countertop is that minor scratches will have little to no effect on the appearance of the top.  Travertine is a sub-type of limestone that is formed in streambeds.
 
Tile Tub Surround
The floor and wall surround in this bathroom are two different kinds of honed limestone tile.

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
This brings us to our final natural stone option for countertops.  Remember those countertops from your lab stations in chemistry class?  You guessed it: soapstone!  Like marble, soapstone is a metamorphic rock.  Typicaly it is dark green/black in color and looks quite dull unless it is kept oiled.  It has veigning reminiscint of marble as well, and can be a a great option for price concious consumers who want a marble look at a soapstone price.
 
soapstone
Very few customers choose soapstone when looking at slabs in the warehouse.  It is dull when dried out, but as you can see here, it is very attractive when oiled.

 

 

 

That sums up our choices in natural stone.  In part II we’ll discuss man made stone slabs: quartz and it’s cousins.
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Which Countertop Material for my Kitchen Remodeling Project?

Kitchen countertops are always a critical choice for a kitchen remodeling project.  There are many different brands and manufacturers and you might feel a bit overwhelmed with the number of choices.

Because of the number of choices available I’m going to break this article down into multiple articles, each one delving more in depth into different types of tops.  This will in no way be exhaustive, there are just too many types and manufacturers of countertops, but I’ll try to touch on all the main types and the particularly interesting ones.

But first, here is a brief overview of what is available:

Natural Stone including granite, marble, limestone & soapstone

Quartz  and other man made resin slabs

Paper

Concrete

Wood including cork, bamboo, domestic hardwood

Tile

Laminate

Corian and plastics

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Tips for Using Epoxy Tile Grout

As a professional remodeler I’ve struggled with epoxy grout a few times, so it ocurred to me that a DIYer could probably use some tips and suggestions.

In preparation for grouting it is an excellent idea to seal your tile with a good quality sealer (we use DuPont StoneTech Bulletproof) before you grout. This is an especially good idea when grouting natural stone tiles.

If you’re using epoxy kits from Lowes or Home Depot they probably don’t contain any cleaners. A mild vinegar solution works great for cleaning epoxy grout. Make sure you test your vinegar solution on some scrap tile beforehand, especially if it is polished tile since acids tend to etch polished marble.

Make sure you get all of the “Part A” liquid out of the pouch. The “part B” is the chemical that activates and hardens the grout and it is easier to get out of the pouch than the part A. If you miss some part A and get all the part B your grout could set up too fast. (We use Laticrete Spectralock epoxy, other brands could be labeled differently?)

Epoxies are tempurature sensitive and will set up more quickly in hotter tempuratures. The chart for Laticrete cure times due to tempurature is dubious at best. If you are grouting in an unconditioned space in the summer I advise starting very early in the morning when tempuratures are lower. I would personally not try to grout with epoxy in a room that is over 80 degrees farenheit.

Make sure you have all your equipment and materials set up before you mix, and have painted surfaces around the tile taped off with blue painters tape. You want to mix and start grouting immediately.

Check the spot where you started grouting periodically and begin doing your first wash as soon as the grout starts setting up, EVEN IF YOU DIDN’T FINISH GROUTING. Epoxy grout is extremely hard to get off tile once it is hardened. It is better to fail to get all the grouting done than to end up with epoxy all over your tile.

Clean your tile methodically and make sure you have a good light available to search for spots you missed while you were cleaning.

My final tip is to not be scared of using epoxy. It is a great product and when you don’t have any problems it is a dream to use. On the other hand, when you have problems it can turn into a nightmare fast which is why making sure you’re prepared and concious of the potential problems will allow you to avoid disaster in the event something goes wrong.

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Corn Cake and Corn Crouton Recipe

One of my original menu entreés consisted of Cajun blackened catfish with a black bean salsa, sweet and sour purple cabbage and a corn cake.

The corn cake was popular of it’s own accord but even more appreciated when it was cut up into chunks and deep fried, then served as “corn croutons” on a southwestern themed salad. The following recipe is for making the corn cakes.  They can be prepared ahead of time and re-heated in the oven or cut up and fried.

Corn Cakes

Portion Size:  N/A

 

Ingredient:                                                       Amount:                                     

 

Frozen Corn                                3#                    10#                  20#

Eggs                                          3                      10                     20                     

Flour                                          2oz                   8oz                   16oz                 

Butter                                       4 oz                  160z                  32 oz

S & P                                         to taste             to taste             to taste

 

Method:  Thaw the corn on sheet trays.  Make a roux from flour and butter.  Lightly process the corn in food processor w/ chopping blade.  Mix all ingredients thoroughly.  Portion onto sheet trays with scooper that has white bottom.  Bake until golden brown, aprox. 8 min.             

Please note that “thaw the corn on sheet trays” is not completely accurate: the corn needs to not only be thawed out but dried out slightly, otherwise there will be too much moisture in the corn batter mixture.  We used a convection oven on high heat which dried the corn out quickly due to the fan.  The corn should feel waxy but not crunchy. 

A “scooper that has a white bottom” is a number six food service scooper, like an ice cream scooper, that has a volume of 5.33oz.  You can just as easily hand form the cakes.  Depending on how much moisture you leave in the corn they do tend to spread out as they bake. 

The 8 minute cooktime is based on a convection oven at 500 degrees.

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What Does ‘Quality Material’ Mean?

When we’re asked to explain why our price is higher than another home remodeling contractor for a project one of the factors I cite is that we only use high quality materials.

It’s easy to tell a client something like “we only use high quality materials”, but what does that really mean? I imagine in the customer’s mind they are thinking something like “Oh, sure….that 2×4 you use is A LOT better than the 2×4 the other guy is using…what kind of schmuck do you think I am?”

Unfortunately there are significant repercussions for homeowners when materials choices are made based on price alone. Let’s look at the case of Chinese drywall.

Between 2004 and 2008 in the Southeastern US an estimated 500 million pounds of imported Chinese drywall was used to construct tens of thousands of homes. The drywall has been found to be contaminated with sulfur compounds which not only produce a rotten egg-like odor but have produced Homeowner complaints that include corroding copper pipes, destroyed TVs and air conditioners, and blackened jewelry and silverware. Some believe the drywall is also making them ill.

But wait, it gets even better. Homeowners that have tried to file insurance claims on their homeowner policies are not only being denied claims, their insucrance companies are terminating their homeowner policies which can then trigger a violation of their mortgage agreement.

chinese-drywall-cartoon

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I bet before you read this article you might have thought, “Who cares what kind of drywall you use?” Unfotunately for some people the use of a single poor quality construction material resulted in them losing their home.

click here to learn more about Chinese drywall

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What Type of Grout Should I Use?

In years past there have been two basic types of grout for tile installations: cement grout or epoxy. A few years ago StarQuartz grout emerged on the market, a pre-mixed urethane grout. It largely flew under the radar but urethane grouts are starting to become a commonly used grout material.

Custom Tile Shower

Traditional cement based grouts are still a fine option, particularly when coupled with an acrylic admix. They are the most inexpensive type of grout available and should be sealed after they are cured, particularly in areas like showers and kitchen backsplashes where they’ll be exposed to water or mama’s secret recipe homeade tomato sauce.

A worthy financial investment is to upgrade to an epoxy grout which has great stain resistance and is much stronger grout material, more resistant to cracking.

Urethane grouts tend to fall in between cement and epoxy grouts from a pricing standpoint while still offering excellent stain resistance. They also remain more flexible than epoxy which can be very desirable when used with certain types of tile. They do require a longer set-up time before they can be walked on or exposed to water and this must be taken into consideration when choosing your grout. StarQuartz reports to be working on a new formula with a faster set-up time.

When using any grout, be sure to thoroughly read the installation instructions and make sure you understand how to mix the product properly, how to install it properly and how to clean it up. Don’t be afraid to call the manufacturer if you are unclear on any of these points, a few stupid questions is a small price to pay when compared to a grout installation gone awry!

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Understanding Modern Tile Tub Surrounds

Very often when we do a bathroom remodeling project we’re taking out an old 50’s through 70’s era tiled tub surround. Every time we do we find mold behind the tile.

I’m a huge fan of tiling tub surrounds and I always try to talk my customers into tile instead of a fiberglass surround. Now, you may be asking yourself, “Why on earth would Owen recommend tiling a tub surround if mold grows behind them?”

Tile Tub Surround

Common practice for many decades has been to simply tile on top of finished plaster around the tub. Plaster has excellent properties in regard to being moisture resistant compared to drywall, but it still cannot hold up to long term exposure to moisture. Since almost all tile is not waterproof and most grouts as well, moisture is penetrating behind the tile every time it gets wet. Eventualy the plaster or drywall deteriorates and mold growth occurs. In the case of cement backer boards which are touted as “moisture and mold resistant” you’ll only get mold inside the stud cavity, on the framing and insulation instead of in the tile substrate.

Smart builders started using different types of water and vapor barriers behind their tile years ago, but today there are even better systems available that can be applied overtop of the material you’re going to tile over, whether it is moisture resistant drywall or cement backer board. There are waterproof sheet membranes that you adhere with thinset and liquid membranes that are applied with a paintbrush & roller or a trowel.

Whether you’re doing your own tile installation or having a contractor do it make sure a waterproof membrane is being properly installed behind your tile for a successful home remodeling project!

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Building and Remodeling is not a Commodity

I’ve been noticing ads lately regarding “real time price checking” and “price matching”. The culmination of internet shopping and big box stores has created a marketplace where comparitive price shopping is so quick and easy that the giant retailers are actually willing to do it for you.

I guess this is a wonderful thing, after all, the stores all have the exact same products and the only real concern is price, right? For the average consumer the answer is obviously “yes”, although there are a few shopping dinosaurs like myself who are still concerned with things like return policies, product knowledgeability of salespeople and how companies treat their customers and employees. There is also the question in some cases of whether the product really is exactly the same; for example I have heard plumbers claim that big box home improvement stores actually sell lower grade castings, or seconds, of things like toilets and sinks. That, however, is a whole different subject for another article.

I think it is fair to say that we live in a society where consumers want to pay the lowest possible price for a commodity item. One big problem with this mindset is when consumers mis-identify a product or service as a common commodity.

Building and construction services simply are not a commodity item. Home remodeling, which is most often taking place while you are living in your home, is as far from a commodity as you can get. It’s true that the end result is a tangible set of fixtures and finishes, hopefully pleasing to the eye and touch, but the story of how they got there and what lies beneath them has far more to do with their cost and value than most consumers can conceive of when they’re trying to compare proposals.

An easy example of this is a custom tile shower. There are different code requirements for building showers depending on which set of codes your municipality has adopted as well as the whims of your particular plumbing inspector’s code interpretation. What is more clear is that the method of construction meet each of the following questions with a resounding yes:
1. Is the floor sloped to the drain at 1/4 inch per foot minimum?
2. Are the walls waterproof behind the tile?
3. Is the floor waterproof under the tile?
4. Is the waterproofing on the floor underneath the tile on top of the 1/4 inch per foot pre-slope?
5. Is the waterproofing continuous between the walls, floor and drain?
6. Is there a capacity for standing water behind or beneath the tile?
7. Will the construction of the shower and it’s waterproofing system stand the test of time?
Do you think that it would be cheaper to build a shower if you answered “no” to the above questions? I assure you it would. When looking at the finished product, however, you would have no idea whether the shower met the above criteria. And we didn’t even get into issues such as how well the tile was set from an asthetic standpoint, whether the right setting materials were used, design and layout of the tile pattern, what type of grout was used, whether the tile and grout were sealed… I could go on and on.

I also believe that the customer experience and customer service are extremely important. They cannot, however, be delivered for free. Delivering top-notch customer service and warranty service as well as maintaining a clean jobsite takes time. So does being attentive to every detail and producing a great design.

If you disagree with my train of thought you can always find a “contractor” on CraigsList who advertises that he’ll beat the lowest estimate you get. Just don’t group the real professionals in with the masses doing it on the cheap, and stop implying we’re trying to rip you off because other bids came in lower.

There is no such thing as an apples to apples comparison in the home remodeling business.

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ServiceMagic(tm) Still Stinks

Some of you may have read my previous post concerning ServiceMagic(tm) and other online lead generation companies. 

I just ran across a video on YouTube(tm) that really drives this point home.

If you are looking for a home improvement contractor please do your homework on how to find a reputable contractor before you begin.  If you can’t get referrals from friends and family there are still plenty of painless ways to weed out bad contractors.  Third party advertisers like ServiceMagic and Angie’s List are NOT the way to go.

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New Remodeling Forum Takes Seed

I have spent quite a bit of time in the past few years contributing to and gaining knowledge from an online forum for construction professionals.

I have fairly recently switched to a new forum called RemodelCrazy(tm) that was founded by several top notch remodelers I had met.  I would like to invite anyone who reads this to please visit RemodelCrazy if you are ever in need of advice for your DIY home projects.  There is a wealth of expertise there and a commitment to making a great forum and helping homeowners.

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